The Reality of Partition of India 1947-
(From 1800 To Early 1920s)
Between August 1947 and march 1948 four and a half million Hindus and Sikhs are forced to migrate from Pakistan to India and six million Muslims must move in the opposite direction.10 million people are displaced in the partition of India and one million were dead.
History Before The Revolt of 1857:-
(The Reality of the partition of 1947)
But the question is why did this partition happen???
What were the reasons behind it, what actually happened!!!!
The country was partitioned on the 14th of august 1947, but the decision to partition was made months before this: on the 18th of July, the king of Britain approved the plan of partition, when he approved the Indian independence act.
Before this, on the 5th of July, the British parliament passed the Indian independence act, but even before this on the 3rd of June 1947, Louis Mountbatten announced the plan of partition over the radio. It was known as the Mountbatten plan.
Until the very end there remain only two political leaders that were completely against the partition. One of them was Mahatma Gandhi and the other was Abdul Gaffar Khan. Other political leaders accepted the partition plan on the 3rd of June of the British Government’s final decision.
What Happend on On 1st April 1947:-
(The Reality of the partition of 1947)
On 1st April 1947, Gandhi met Mountbatten to avoid partition. Gandhi was so desperate that he offered PM ship to Jinnah. which was also offered before by Nehru. But Jinnah rejected the offer yet again. Jinnah said- ” Mr. Gandhi’s conception of independent India is basically different from ours.”
Many thought that the reason behind the partition was a dispute between the Hindus and Muslims. But there are many historical facts that prove that the dispute was not the reason behind the partition. Poets like Amir khusro, and Kabir, and the rulers like Akbar, Shivaji, Dara Tikhon, Krishna dev Rai, etc are examples of Hindu-Muslim unity and guru Nanak always stressed unity among all religions.
In the time of Akbar, Jahangir, and Sahajahan not only eid was celebrated in the courts of the Mughals but also Holi and Diwali were celebrated with the same joy. Think about Tulsidas who wrote Ramcharitmanas, he did so in the rule of Akbar.
Akbar translated Ramanayna and Mahabharata into Persian; like these, there are so many historical facts and examples of Hindu-Muslim unity that prove that the difference in religion was not the exact reason for partition.
Let’s jump to the revolt of 1857, where Hindus and Muslims together fought against the Britishers.
Pakistan or Partition of India:-
(The Reality of the partition of 1947)
After the revolt of 1857, the company’s rule ended and British rule was established over India. But soon after the revolt Britishers were scared and they were affairs that if more such revolts took place then their rule would soon be over. That’s why the Britishers adopted their famous policy of ” divide and rule”.
Establishment of Muslim league and Congress:-
(The Reality of the partition of 1947)
Congress was established with the help of British officer A O Hume. He was a very spiritual person who wrote a daring report on the revolt of 1857 which was against the Britishers. He openly criticized the viceroy. That’s why he was demoted Frome his rank .and later resigned from his job. He wrote his famous poem, “old man’s hope” wherein he was trying to rouse Indians to demand a country of their own. To demand an independent nation.
At the time the viceroy was lord Dufferin. At the start, he supported the sessions of Congress but soon he realized that Congress’s activities were a threat to the British raj.(The Reality of the partition of 1947)
So Dufferin adopted other techniques to smother the influence of congress. Then with the help of the loyal, pro-Britishers educationalist Syed Ahmed Khan and the other one was linguist shiv prasad. They started an anti-congress movement in the country. He started opposing congress and threatened Muslims that Hindus would start to agonize the Muslims once the Britishers leave and forcing Muslims against Hindus and supporting Britishers. By all these instigating speeches and movements it results in the early 1900s a section of elite Muslims in the country established who believed in the ” two nation theory” very strongly and because of this ” All India Muslim League” was founded in 1906 and that time the viceroy of India was lord Minto.
From here only the seed of separation was sowed, where Muslims affirmed that Hindus were takeover all over the country, and on the other hand Hindus also affirmed that Muslims would take on them and on the country.
As time passes this fear turns into riots after a few years and this was the real reseason for the patron that there is no going back to making one country one nation. At the start viceroy like Linlithgow supported the controversy of Hindu Muslims but later on Britishers also in oppose partition till then that was too late because the riots started happing on the country level in the early 1920s and the Hindu Muslim aggression turned into a big disaster called “The partition of 1947”
“The partition of India and Pakistan”
“The partition of Hindus and Muslims”
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